php环境： Debian 7.8 + Apache 2.2.22 + Mysql 5.5.44 + PHP 5.4.44

1、php文件语法检查

shen@debian:/var/www$ php -l parse-error.phpPHP Parse error:  syntax error, unexpected end of file, expecting variable (T_VARIABLE) or ${ (T_DOLLAR_OPEN_CURLY_BRACES) or {$ (T_CURLY_OPEN) in parse-error.php on line 11Errors parsing parse-error.phpshen@debian:/var/www$ php -l parse-error.php PHP Parse error:  syntax error, unexpected end of file, expecting variable (T_VARIABLE) or ${ (T_DOLLAR_OPEN_CURLY_BRACES) or {$ (T_CURLY_OPEN) in parse-error.php on line 11Errors parsing parse-error.phpshen@debian:/var/www$ cat parse-error.php -n     1	     2	     3	     4	     5	
           8	     9	    10	shen@debian:/var/www$ php -l index.php No syntax errors detected in index.phpshen@debian:/var/www$ cat -n index.php      1	     2	     3	     4	     5	
           8	     9	    10	

浏览器输入： ，显示空白网页。

2、move_uploaded_file移动文件未生效

练习：

原因： move_uploaded_file函数的目标目录upload必须对帐号www-data可写

因为apache2服务的启动帐号是www-data，非root

shen@debian:/var/www/shm_fast$ ls -l upload总用量 24-rw-r--r-- 1 www-data www-data 23913  9月  1 11:48 1.png

查看apache2进程信息

shen@debian:/var/www/shm_fast$ ps -edf | grep apache2www-data  2121 27140  0 09:45 ?        00:00:00 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k startshen      4853 24406  0 11:50 pts/2    00:00:00 grep apache2root     27140     1  0  8月31 ?      00:00:04 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k startwww-data 29266 27140  0  8月31 ?      00:00:00 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k startwww-data 29483 27140  0  8月31 ?      00:00:00 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k startwww-data 29484 27140  0  8月31 ?      00:00:00 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k startwww-data 29486 27140  0  8月31 ?      00:00:00 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k startwww-data 29487 27140  0  8月31 ?      00:00:00 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k startwww-data 29488 27140  0  8月31 ?      00:00:00 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k startwww-data 29489 27140  0  8月31 ?      00:00:00 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k startwww-data 29491 27140  0  8月31 ?      00:00:00 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k startwww-data 29494 27140  0  8月31 ?      00:00:00 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start

3、echo打印布尔值FALSE显示为空

shen@debian:/var/www/shm_fast$ php
    

FALSE显示为1

shen@debian:/var/www/shm_fast$ php
    

4、move_uploaded_file移动文件为中文文件名，目标文件名显示为乱码

练习：

期望： /tmp/2015-03-22 21:03:03的屏幕截图.png

实际： /tmp/2015-03-22 21:03:03????Ļ??ͼ.png

解决：

设置php.ini中的default_charset = "UTF-8"

view /etc/php5/apache2/php.ini

681 ; PHP's default character set is set to empty. 682 ; http://php.net/default-charset 683 default_charset = "UTF-8"

sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 restart

修改upload_file.php：

     0){    echo "Error: " . $_FILES["file"]["error"] . "
";}else{    echo "Upload: " . $_FILES["file"]["name"] . "
";    echo "Type: " . $_FILES["file"]["type"] . "
";    echo "Size: " . ($_FILES["file"]["size"] / 1024) . " kB
";    echo "Stored in: " . $_FILES["file"]["tmp_name"];    move_uploaded_file($_FILES["file"]["tmp_name"], "/tmp/" . _FILES["file"]["name"]);}    echo "Moved to: " . "/tmp/" . $_FILES["file"]["name"];?>

==>

     0){    echo "Error: " . $_FILES["file"]["error"] . "
";}else{    $filename_gbk = $_FILES["file"]["name"];     $filename_utf8 = iconv("GBK", "UTF-8", $filename_gbk);       echo "Upload: " . $filename_utf8 . "
";    echo "Type: " . $_FILES["file"]["type"] . "
";    echo "Size: " . ($_FILES["file"]["size"] / 1024) . " kB
";    echo "Stored in: " . $_FILES["file"]["tmp_name"];    move_uploaded_file($_FILES["file"]["tmp_name"], "/tmp/" . $filename_utf8);    echo "Moved to: " . "/tmp/" . $filename_utf8;}?>

再次查看/tmp目录，能到中文文件名的图片

5、php网页中看不到错误信息

比如

shen@debian:/var/www/shm_fast$ cat trigger-error.php
    1){trigger_error("Value must be 1 or below");}?>

网页中打开 ，显示为空白网页。

在php命令行执行能显示错误：

shen@debian:/var/www/shm_fast$ php -f trigger-error.phpPHP Notice:  Value must be 1 or below in /run/shm/fast_www/trigger-error.php on line 5

浏览器打开php网页的错误在apache的错误日志中：

shen@debian:/var/www/shm_fast$ sudo tail /var/log/apache2/error.log[Tue Sep 01 13:51:45 2015] [error] [client ::1] Negotiation: discovered file(s) matching request: /var/www/shm_fast/cookie (None could be negotiated).[Tue Sep 01 13:56:02 2015] [error] [client ::1] PHP Warning:  Cookie values cannot contain any of the following ',; \\t\\r\\n\\013\\014' in /run/shm/fast_www/cookie.php on line 3[Tue Sep 01 14:01:26 2015] [error] [client ::1] Negotiation: discovered file(s) matching request: /var/www/shm_fast/set-cookie (None could be negotiated).[Tue Sep 01 14:02:42 2015] [error] [client 192.168.1.163] PHP Notice:  Undefined index: user in /run/shm/fast_www/get-cookie.php on line 4[Tue Sep 01 14:55:44 2015] [error] [client ::1] PHP Warning:  fopen(welcome.txt): failed to open stream: No such file or directory in /run/shm/fast_www/error.php on line 2[Tue Sep 01 14:56:12 2015] [error] [client ::1] PHP Warning:  fopen(welcome.txt): failed to open stream: No such file or directory in /run/shm/fast_www/error.php on line 2[Tue Sep 01 15:03:15 2015] [error] [client ::1] script '/var/www/shm_fast/trigger-handler.php' not found or unable to stat[Tue Sep 01 15:03:24 2015] [error] [client ::1] PHP Notice:  Value must be 1 or below in /run/shm/fast_www/trigger-error.php on line 5[Tue Sep 01 15:04:06 2015] [error] [client ::1] PHP Notice:  Value must be 1 or below in /run/shm/fast_www/trigger-error.php on line 5[Tue Sep 01 15:04:08 2015] [error] [client ::1] PHP Notice:  Value must be 1 or below in /run/shm/fast_www/trigger-error.php on line 5

顺便显示一下apache的访问日志：

shen@debian:/var/www/shm_fast$ sudo tail /var/log/apache2/access.log::1 - - [01/Sep/2015:14:49:43 +0800] "GET /shm_fast/session.php HTTP/1.1" 200 355 "-" "curl/7.26.0"::1 - - [01/Sep/2015:14:49:43 +0800] "GET /shm_fast/session.php HTTP/1.1" 200 355 "-" "curl/7.26.0"::1 - - [01/Sep/2015:14:55:44 +0800] "GET /shm_fast/error.php HTTP/1.1" 200 306 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/44.0.2403.157 Safari/537.36"::1 - - [01/Sep/2015:14:56:12 +0800] "GET /shm_fast/error.php HTTP/1.1" 200 205 "-" "curl/7.26.0"::1 - - [01/Sep/2015:14:57:41 +0800] "GET /shm_fast/die.php HTTP/1.1" 200 320 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64; rv:38.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/38.0 Iceweasel/38.2.0"::1 - - [01/Sep/2015:15:01:55 +0800] "GET /shm_fast/error-handler.php HTTP/1.1" 200 348 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64; rv:38.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/38.0 Iceweasel/38.2.0"::1 - - [01/Sep/2015:15:03:15 +0800] "GET /shm_fast/trigger-handler.php HTTP/1.1" 404 512 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64; rv:38.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/38.0 Iceweasel/38.2.0"::1 - - [01/Sep/2015:15:03:24 +0800] "GET /shm_fast/trigger-error.php HTTP/1.1" 200 306 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64; rv:38.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/38.0 Iceweasel/38.2.0"::1 - - [01/Sep/2015:15:04:06 +0800] "GET /shm_fast/trigger-error.php HTTP/1.1" 200 205 "-" "curl/7.26.0"::1 - - [01/Sep/2015:15:04:08 +0800] "GET /shm_fast/trigger-error.php HTTP/1.1" 200 205 "-" "curl/7.26.0"

6、error_log输出php日志

shen@debian:/var/www/shm_fast$ cat error-log.php 
    Error: [$errno] $errstr
"; echo "Webmaster has been notified"; error_log("Error: [$errno] $errstr");}//set error handlerset_error_handler("customError",E_USER_WARNING);//trigger error$test=2;if ($test>1) { trigger_error("Value must be 1 or below",E_USER_WARNING); }?>

浏览器中输入：

网页输出：

**Error: **[512] Value must be 1 or below

Webmaster has been notified

查看apache的错误日志：

shen@debian:/var/www/shm_fast$ sudo tail -1 /var/log/apache2/error.log[Tue Sep 01 18:38:21 2015] [error] [client ::1] Error: [512] Value must be 1 or below

脚本方式执行error-log.php不会在apache错误日志中输出错误，而是输出到stdout：

shen@debian:/var/www/shm_fast$ php -f error-log.php Error: [512] Value must be 1 or below
Webmaster has been notifiedError: [512] Value must be 1 or below